Today, nuclear energy contributes 11% of the worlds electricity, with over 435 power reactors. The ap reactor vessel design pressure and temperature is 2500 psia 17. The overshoot of the modified strategy is smaller than. Reactor ap design control document chapter 4 reactor. The ap technology and new reactor related engineering, services and procurement remain part of our core business and part of the companys longterm strategy to deliver clean, reliable, safe. For nearly two decades, westinghouse has pursued an improved pressurized water reactor pwr design. Mar 30, 2017 the ap nuclear reactor, designed by westinghouse, is suitable for construction in the uk said the regulators today following completion of an indepth assessment of the reactor design. The westinghouse ap advanced passive pressurized water reactor pwr is an. Westinghouse to deliver nuclear reactor in china chinadaily.
Vogtle electric generating plant, also known as plant vogtle. Based on nearly 25 years of research and development, the ap plant builds and improves upon the established technology of major components used in current westinghousedesigned plants. Step 4 security assessment of the westinghouse ap reactor. With a gross power rating of 3,415 megawatt thermal mwt and a. Condition i normal operation and operational transients condition ii events of moderate frequency condition iii infrequent incidents. From figure 9, it can be seen that the reactor power follows the desired power well for both the original and modified control strategies.
The fukushima accident, in 2011, seemed to further cement the aps status as the preferred reactor for the future, with its emphasis on passive safety. A bittersweet milestone for the worlds safest nuclear reactors. Ap nuclear street nuclear power plant news, jobs, and. The best estimation process of ap nuclear power plant npp requires proper selections of parameters and models so as to obtain the most accurate results compared with the actual design parameters. The ap is a twoloop pressurized water reactor pwr with passive safety features and extensive plant simplifications that enhance its. Bad choice the risks costs and viability of proposed us.
Westinghouse completed generic design assessment gda step 4 in 2011 and paused the regulatory process. Apr 07, 2010 by design, the ap containment has an even higher vulnerability to corrosion than containment systems of current reactor designs because the outside of the ap containment is subject to a highoxygen and highmoisture environment conducive to corrosion and is prone to collect moisture in numerous inaccessible. Aps flawed design two new reactor designs were forecast at least in europe and northamerica make the nuclear renaissance happen. The ap diverse reactor trip actuation system is independent of the. Summary of ap reactor gda safety and security submissions 17 evolution of the ap safety case 17 progress made on pcsr development in closure phase 17 conclusion on adequacy of ap. The ap600 is a model of relatively small, 600 mwe nuclear power plant designed by westinghouse electric company. The team used this3d plantmodel to estimate the inventories of key structural materials steel and concrete needed to construct the mk1 pbfhr building and to develand assess op modular a construction approach using the same methods and module manufacturing infrastructure as the ap. Why the westinghouse advanced, passive pressurized water reactor, ap. Summer overall plant design life years 60 40 a 40a 40a. Design acceptance confirmation issued in march 2017. The ap fuel assembly design also includes a protective grid for enhanced debris resistance. The use of nuclear energy for electricity generation began in the late 1950s and went through several phases over the subsequent half century 1,2.
Proceedings of icapp 03 cordoba, spain, may 47, 2003 paper 3235 westinghouse ap advanced passive plant w. Adobe acrobat reader enables you to read and print portable document format pdf files on all major platforms microsoft excel. Why the westinghouse advanced, passive pressurized water. The ap, also a pressurized water reactor, is the technology being used for two new. Request pdf on may 31, 2015, yunfei zhao and others published development of rapid atmospheric source term estimation system for ap nuclear power plant find, read and cite all the research. Westinghouse overview and ap plant projects update. Both westinghouse and its prized ap reactor design have suffered a series of humbling setbacks this year. China begins construction of worlds first ap reactor. The ap is a twolooppressurized water reactor pwr with passive safety features and extensive plant simplifications that enhance its construction, operation, maintenance and safety. It belongs in the same class of reactors as the areva epr but with a net electrical power of 1100mw compared to 1600 mw of the epr. The list only includes civilian nuclear power reactors used to generate electricity for a power grid. Accident analyses design control document epsgwgl700 15.
Federal register ap standard technical specifications. To obtain a free viewer for displaying this format, see our plugins, viewers, and other tools. Conventional reactors rely on defenceindepth made up of layers of redundancy and diversity this is where, say, two valves are fitted instead of one. Furthermore, the ap design successfully completed step 4 of the nuclear directorates generic design approval gda licensing process in the united kingdom, confirming that the ap. The ap design traces its history to two previous designs, the ap600 and the system 80 the system 80 design was created by combustion engineering and featured a twoloop cooling system with a single steam generator paired with two reactor coolant pumps in each loop that makes it simpler and less expensive than systems which pair a single reactor coolant pump with a steam generator in each. Issued design certification advanced power reactor. The rcca absorber material is a very high thermal neutron absorber silverindiumcadmium alloy, with additional resonance absorption to enhance rod worth. Aprsep 2007 step 1 preparatory step sep 2007 jun 2008 step 2 initial assessment. This feature is part of the ap severe accident strategy to retain core debris inside the reactor. Nuclear power plant engineering westinghouse has remained focused since the initial commercialization of nuclear power on plant standardization to improve plant safety and economy. The following links on this page are to adobe portable document format pdf files. To begin the description, let us first see the configuration of the ap reactor primary coolant system shown in figure 4. Development of rapid atmospheric source term estimation.
Assessment of westinghouse ap office for nuclear regulation. Application for standard design certification for the advanced power reactor 1400 apr1400, a 4,000mwt pressurizedwater reactor pwr. All of the reactors use westinghouses ap design, which is supposed to be meltdownproof thanks to a tank of cooling water positioned above the reactor and improved air circulation. With the ap, westinghouse sought to design a reactor that operated using conventional pressurized water reactor principles, while incorporating novel safety measures in order to increase reliability and costcompetiveness relative to competing reactor plants. The ap is a pressurized water reactor pwr moderated and cooled by light normal water using enriched uranium fuel. Pdf great interest is given now to advanced nuclear reactors especially those using passive safety components. Ap advanced passive pressurized water reactor pwr is an 1117 mwe pwr designed to achieve a high safety. Summer overall plant design life years 60 40 a 40a 40a nsss power mwt 3,415 3,475 3,410 2,912.
This is a list of all the commercial nuclear reactors in the world, sorted by country, with operational status. The ap, also a pressurized water reactor, is the technology being used for two new reactors at the vogtle nuclear plant in georgia. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and evaluate the influences of these parameters and modeling approaches quantitatively and qualitatively. The control rod system provides both manual and automatic control systems for. Construction has not been completed at any plant with this design anywhere in the world, and there are no operational ap plants in the world. All commercial nuclear reactors use nuclear fission. Abstract the ap is a twoloop, mwe pressurized water reactor pwr with passive safety features and extensive plant simplifications that enhance. The ap is a twoloop mwe pressurizer water reactor pwr. Vogtle site welding of first shield building panel commenced january 20 unit 3 reactor vessel delivered april 20 first phase of backfill completed for. The ap is a nuclear power plant designed and sold by westinghouse electric company.
Table 11 sheet 1 of 7 ap plant comparison with other facilities systemcomponent ap watts bar san onofre v. Westinghouse ap advanced passive plant sciencedirect. In the few locations where this design is under construction, the projects have run into technical problems and significant cost increases and schedule delays. Ap s flawed design two new reactor designs were forecast at least in europe and northamerica make the nuclear renaissance happen. Passive safety systems are used to provide significant and measurable improvements in plant simplification, safety, reliability, investment protection and plant costs. A bittersweet milestone for the worlds safest nuclear.
The result of this commitment is the ap, a simpler and more economical pwr. Nuclear power plant engineering westinghouse nuclear. As of april 2018, there are 449 operable power reactors. The ap tm is a twoloop pressurized water reactor pwr that uses a simplified, innovative and effective approach to safety. The saps require that reactor chemistry on a nuclear power plant be identified and considered in safety assessments. Simulation of the westinghouse ap response to sbloca. Design of the ap power reactor warsaw university of. Surfaces, which can become wetted during operation and refuelling, are clad with stainless steel welded overlay. Simplification was a major design objective for the ap. Study of the reactor control system of mshim in ap.
By contrast, the ap passive core cooling system uses staged reservoirs of borated water that are designed to discharge into the reactor vessel at various threshold state points of the primary system. The original plan by nugeneration, a british subsidiary of toshibaowned westinghouse electric company, had the station coming online from 2024 with 3. Aug 29, 2015 all eight ap construction projects are at risk for want of a nail. It is named after a former alabama power and southern company board chairman, alvin vogtle. Study of the reactor control system of mshim in ap xinyu wei 1 and fuyu zhao 1 1 school of energy and power engineering, xian jiaotong university, xian, shaanxi 710049, china. Vera modeling and simulation of the ap pwr cycle 1. First commercial ap, epr reactors connected to grid.
To begin the description, let us first see the configuration of the ap reactor. The ap is an evolutionary pwr reactor designed as an evolution of the ap 600. The best estimation process of ap nuclear power plant npp requires proper selections of parameters and models so as to obtain the most accurate results compared with the actual. In the event of a designbasis accident, such as a main coolantpipe break, the plant is designed to achieve and maintain safe shutdown condition without operator action, and without the need for ac power or pumps.
The ap pressurized water reactor pwr is based on a simple concept. Moorside nuclear power station was proposed for a site near sellafield, in cumbria, united kingdom. Schematic for the ap reactor core, fuel assembly and fuel pin 5. Operation and maintenance manual air power pack models ap, ap q ap 1025 conroy place, easton pa 18040 u. Ap design aligns with the european operational practice. Figure 22 ap reactor vessel dimensions all dimensions are in inches. Ap pressurized water reactor pwr, which has a net electrical output of about 1117 megawatts. The ap is arguably the worlds most advanced commercial reactor. We have been a leader in standardized plant designs that are the foundation of todays pressurized water reactor.
Nugen preparing to apply for a nuclear site licence to build and operate three ap reactors at moorside in cumbria. Reactor ap design control document tier 2 material 4. The fuel rods consist of enriched uranium, in the form of cylindrical pellets of uran ium dioxide. Ap background ap an advanced light water reactor meets requirements of epris utility requirements document designed using passive safety features ap600 usnrc design certification in 1999 ap usnrc final design approval issued in fall 2004 hfe program and human machine interface hmi. Bulletshaped tips are used as plugs at the bottom of the rods to reduce hydraulic drag during reactor trip and to help guide the rods smoothly. Roger hannah senior public affairs officer region ii. As a safety enhancement, there are no reactor vessel penetrations below the top of the core. Passive safety and modular design balendra sutharshan1, meena mutyala1, ronald p. The saps require that reactor chemistry on a nuclear power plant be identified and considered. The ap main control room meets the nrc guidelines for manual. Westinghouse electric company once again sets a new industry standard with the ap reactor. The advanced passive ap is a nuclear pressurized water reactor pwr originally designed by westinghouse electric company. Structural design and modular construction approach for. The eprdesign, is as we all know, under heavy fire, and now also from the french nuclear regulator see next article.
Sensitivity evaluation of ap nuclear power plant best. The following links on this page are to adobe portable document format pdf. Westinghouse proprietary ap background ap an advanced light water reactor meets requirements of epris utility requirements document designed using passive safety features ap600 usnrc design certification in 1999 ap. The ap design builds on traditional pwr technology featuring passive safety systems and a number of plant simplifications in respect to the earlier reactor. United states nuclear regulatory commission, the ap pressurized water reactor pwr. The ap nuclear reactor design executive summary the ap advanced passive nuclear reactor design has a weaker containment, and fewer backup safety systems than current reactor designs. In this case the nail is a reactor coolant pump, the largest one in the world, equipment that evidently doesnt exist and for which there is only one supplier. The ap600 has passive safety features characteristic of the generation iii reactor. The plant is a pressurized water reactor with improved use of. The principal editor btw, and most of the editing board share the same opinion about the safety of the ap.